Lapland, the northernmost region of Finland, is known for its magical landscapes, reindeer, and, of course, the Northern Lights. But one of the most awe-inspiring natural phenomena in this part of the world is the "Kaamos", or polar night, when the sun stays below the horizon for weeks on end. For visitors traveling to Rovaniemi or anywhere above the Arctic Circle, experiencing the polar night is a unique adventure that offers a deeper understanding of life in the Arctic.
What is Kaamos?
Kaamos refers to the period of the polar night when the sun doesn’t rise above the horizon for several weeks. In the farthest parts of Lapland, such as in Utsjoki, the northernmost point of Finland, this darkness can last for more than 50 days. In Rovaniemi, which sits right on the Arctic Circle, the sun barely peeks over the horizon, casting a twilight-like glow during the shortest days of the year. The polar night typically begins in late November and lasts until mid-January, though the exact dates vary depending on how far north you are.
The Beauty of Arctic Twilight
While the term "polar night" might suggest complete darkness, the reality is much more colorful. The few hours of daylight during kaamos bring a stunning display of soft hues—deep blues, purples, pinks, and oranges fill the sky. This natural light show, known as the blue moment, occurs as the sun remains just below the horizon, illuminating the snowy landscape in a magical, otherworldly glow. The snow, ice, and frozen trees reflect these colors, creating a serene and dreamlike atmosphere.
For photographers and nature lovers, Kaamos offers endless opportunities to capture breathtaking landscapes bathed in Arctic twilight. Even though the sun doesn’t rise, the combination of snow, the dim light, and the clear Arctic air creates a stunning, peaceful environment.
Myths About the Polar Night
One common misconception is that kaamos means 24 hours of pitch-black darkness. However, while it’s true that the sun never fully rises, the light from the horizon and the reflection of snow help to brighten the landscape, even at midday. During the heart of the polar night, the blue and purple hues last for a few hours before the sky transitions back to darkness.
The long nights also make it an ideal time to spot the Northern Lights, or Aurora Borealis, which frequently illuminate the skies above Lapland from autumn to early spring. The contrast of the vibrant green, purple, and pink lights against the dark Arctic sky is a sight that leaves many travelers in awe.
The Arctic Way of Life During Kaamos
For locals, the polar night is a natural part of life in Lapland. While it may seem challenging to live without sunlight for weeks, many embrace this season as a time to slow down, rest, and enjoy the cozy warmth of Finnish homes. The concept of hygge, or kotoilu as it’s known in Finland, comes into play—people light candles, gather around fireplaces, and indulge in hot drinks to create a warm, inviting atmosphere indoors.
For many, the dark season is also a time to connect with nature in a different way. Winter sports like skiing, snowshoeing, and dog sledding are still popular during the polar night, with trails lit by headlamps and torches reflecting off the snow. In fact, the crisp winter air and the peaceful, quiet surroundings make these activities even more special during the dark season.
Tips for Travelers Experiencing Kaamos
If you're planning a trip to Lapland during the kaamos season, here are some tips to help you make the most of your experience:
Dress Warmly: Temperatures during kaamos can drop significantly, often below -20°C (-4°F), so wearing thermal layers, proper winter boots, gloves, and a hat is essential for staying comfortable outdoors.
Embrace the Dark: Instead of fearing the lack of sunlight, embrace it! The dim light adds to the mystical atmosphere, and many winter activities take on a magical quality in the long Arctic night.
Chase the Northern Lights: With extended hours of darkness, your chances of seeing the Northern Lights increase. Rovaniemi and other parts of Lapland offer guided tours that take you to prime viewing locations away from light pollution.
Enjoy Local Traditions: Take part in Finnish traditions like visiting a sauna or indulging in hearty Lappish cuisine. The sauna, especially when paired with a dip in an ice-cold lake, is a rejuvenating experience that many locals swear by during the coldest months of the year.
Conclusion: Finding the Light in the Dark
Kaamos might sound daunting to those who are used to longer days and sunshine, but for travelers willing to embrace it, the polar night in Lapland is a once-in-a-lifetime experience. The beauty of the Arctic twilight, the shimmering Northern Lights, and the peaceful atmosphere make it a magical time to visit Finland’s northernmost regions. Far from being a season of endless darkness, kaamos is a time when the natural beauty of Lapland truly shines.
So, pack your warmest clothes, bring a sense of adventure, and prepare to experience the enchanting world of the polar night.
